Lunar Rotating Tether Rendezvous Analysis

Problem Setup


1. Tether Tip Motion Relative to the Moon

As the tether rotates downward, the horizontal orbital velocity and the backward rotational velocity partially cancel. At the bottom of the rotation, they cancel exactly, leaving the tip momentarily stationary relative to the lunar surface.

Tether Tip Position and Speed
Time (s) Horizontal Distance (m) Height Above Surface (m) Speed (m/s)
-12.0-18217.53569.6580.0
-11.8-17901.33466.0565.3
-11.6-17581.33365.3550.7
-11.4-17257.73267.5536.2
-11.2-16930.53172.6521.7
-11.0-16599.83080.7507.3
-10.8-16265.62991.7492.9
-10.6-15928.12905.7478.6
-10.4-15587.22822.6464.4
-10.2-15243.02742.6450.3
-10.0-14895.52665.5436.2
0.00.0100.00.0

Near rendezvous the tip motion is extremely gentle, which is what makes this architecture attractive for surface pickup.


2. Ballistic Payload Launched from the Surface

A spring-powered launcher fires a payload vertically so that it reaches 100 m altitude with zero velocity exactly at rendezvous.

Required launch time: 11.1 seconds before rendezvous

Payload Motion Relative to Rendezvous Point
Time (s) Height Above Rendezvous (m) Vertical Speed (m/s)
-12.0Not launched
-11.02.117.8
-10.019.016.2
-9.034.714.6
-8.049.013.0
-7.061.011.3
-6.070.79.7
-5.078.18.1
-4.083.26.5
-3.086.04.9
-2.087.43.2
-1.088.51.6
0.0100.00.0

The payload and tether tip can be compared directly at identical times. Both arrive at the rendezvous point with near-zero relative velocity.


3. How Fast Can the Tether Tip Be Raised or Lowered?

Assumptions

Force and motion changes propagate down the tether as a tension wave. For a 55 km tether, this takes roughly:

~9 seconds one-way

Therefore, no adjustment at the tip is possible for the first several seconds after the motor starts pulling.

Estimated Tip Adjustment Capability
Elapsed Time (s) Tip Adjustment Possible (m)
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
9~0.1
10~0.3
12~1
15~3
20~7

This shows that tether-length adjustment is a slow, low-bandwidth control. It is useful for phasing and trimming, but not for last-second rendezvous corrections.


Key Takeaways